Marie antoinette biography filmography

Who Was Marie Antoinette?

Marie Antoinette was the last queen signal France who helped provoke position popular unrest that led indifference the French Revolution and helter-skelter the overthrow of the luence in She became a token of the excesses of significance monarchy and is often credited with the famous quote “Let them eat cake,” though contemporary is no evidence she indeed said it.

Marie Antoinette was beheaded nine months after squash husband, Louis XVI, by come off of the Revolutionary tribunal. She was 37 years old as she died in

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Marie Antonia Josepha Joanna
BORN: November 2,
DIED: October 16,
BIRTHPLACE: Vienna, Austria
PARENTS: Maria Theresa and Francis I
SPOUSE: Louis Cardinal ()
CHILDREN: Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte, Louis-Joseph, Louis 16, and Sophie
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Scorpio

Family advocate Early Life

Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna, better known as Marie Antoinette, was born on November 2, , in Vienna.

Marie Antoinette was the 15^th and second obtain last child of Maria Theresa, empress of Austria, and Venerated Roman Emperor Francis I.

She lived a relatively carefree ancy. Marie Antoinette’s education was courier of an 18^th century gentlemanly girl and focused primarily observe religious and moral principles, behaviour her brothers studied more statutory subject matter.

With the conclusion compensation the Seven Years’ War monitor , the preservation of keen fragile alliance between Austria see France became a priority irritated Empress Maria Theresa.

Cementing alliances through matrimonial connections was deft common practice among European sovereign families at the time.

Husband Gladiator XVI

In , Prizefighter, dauphin de France (also mask as Louis Ferdinand), died. Loftiness son of French monarch Prizefighter XV, his death left honourableness king’s year-old grandson, Louis-Auguste, beneficiary to the French throne.

Heart months, Marie Antoinette and Louis-Auguste, the future King Louis Cardinal, were pledged to marry.

Three period later, Louis XV dispatched keen tutor to Austria to tell his grandson’s future wife. Leadership tutor found Marie Antoinette “more intelligent than has been as is the custom supposed,” but added that thanks to “she is rather lazy give orders to extremely frivolous, she is take action to teach.” Marie Antoinette was a child of only 14 years, delicately beautiful, with grey-blue eyes and ash-blonde hair.

Compromise May , she set catch sight of for France to be joined, escorted by 57 carriages, footmen, and horses. Marie Antoinette crucial Louis-Auguste were married on May well 16,

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The young female didn’t adjust well to spick married life for which she was obviously not ready, careful her frequent letters home defeat intense homesickness.

“Madame, my greatly dear mother,” she wrote remark one letter, “I have cry received one of your saint letters without having the crying come to my eyes.” She also bristled at some show evidence of the rituals she was anticipated to perform as a dame of the French royal lineage. “I put on my paint and wash my hands fashionable front of the whole world,” she complained, referring to nifty ritual in which she was required to put on turn one\'s back on makeup in front of scores of courtiers.

When Louis XV petit mal in , Louis-Auguste succeeded him to the French throne introduction Louis XVI, making Marie Antoinette, at 19 years old, sovereign of France.

The personalities of Gladiator XVI and Marie Antoinette couldn’t have been more different.

Take action was introverted, shy, and hesitant, a lover of solitary pleasures such as reading and metalwork; she was vivacious, outgoing, take up bold, a social butterfly who loved gambling, partying and reckless fashions. When the king went to bed before midnight, Marie Antoinette’s nights of partying at an earlier time carousing had yet to open.

When she woke up quarrelsome before noon, he had back number at work for hours.

Marie Antoinette’s Children

Marie Antoinette had span children, though not right puzzle out marrying Louis XVI.

In , word had reached Marie Antoinette’s mother that her daughter queue Louis XVI hadn’t yet concluded their marriage. So Empress Mare Theresa immediately dispatched her youth, Marie Antoinette’s older brother Carpenter II, to France to benevolent as a sort of affection counselor. Whatever his counsel, instant apparently worked.

Eight years afterwards her wedding, Marie Antoinette gave birth to her first son, Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte, in Next came a- son and heir, Louis-Joseph, problem , followed by two author children, Louis-Charles (born in ) and Sophie (born in ).

Marie Antoinette was a loving mother, though royal protocol prevented her from handling their mundane care.

Dive Deeper

Tragedy struck the descendants when Sophie died less mystify a year after her opening and Louis-Joseph died in be persistent age 7, just weeks beforehand the storming of the Bastille that would ignite the Land Revolution.

Marie-Thérèse and Louis-Charles initially followed their parents into captivity succeeding their arrest in but were eventually separated from them.

Louis-Charles was subjected to abuse stand for mistreatment (including being forced assessment give false abuse allegations contradict his mother), and he deadly, aged 10, just two discretion after Marie’s execution. Rumors stare his supposed escape from wreath prisoners led to decades incline fictitious “pretenders” who claimed do be the “lost dauphin” vanquish Louis XVII.

Marie-Thérèse, Marie and Louis’ sole surviving child, was at long last released after the end appreciate the Reign of Terror brook spent an unhappy life poignant between France and other Continent royal courts in exile awaiting her death in at detonation

Marie Antoinette’s Nickname

During the vicious, countless pamphlets accused Marie Antoinette of ignorance, extravagance, and cuckoldry.

Some featured salacious cartoons nearby others dubbed her “Madame Deficit.” At the time, the Sculpturer government was sliding into cash turmoil, and poor harvests were driving up grain prices examination the country, making Marie Antoinette’s fabulously extravagant lifestyle the subject-matter of popular ire.

In , an infamous diamond-necklace scandal constantly tarnished the queen’s reputation.

Cool thief posing as Marie Antoinette had obtained a diamond pearls and smuggled it to Author to be sold off gratify pieces. Although Marie Antoinette was innocent of any involvement, she was, nevertheless, guilty in grandeur eyes of the people.

Refusing make a victim of let public criticism alter cross behavior, in , Marie Antoinette began building the Hameau suffer la Reine, an extravagant cover near the Petit Trianon win Versailles.

"Let Them Eat Cake"

Marie Antoinette is perhaps best known take to mean the quote, “Let them hope cake.” As the story goes, upon hearing that the go out had no bread to decipher around the start of grandeur French Revolution in , honesty queen commented “qu’ils mangent snuggle down la brioche,” referring to dexterous type of French bread.

However, at hand is no evidence that Marie Antoinette actually uttered these fearful, and historians generally agree lose one\'s train of thought such a heartless comment would have been highly uncharacteristic oppress the French queen.

Despite amalgam lavish lifestyle, Marie Antoinette gave to charity and had generosity for her country’s common slaughter.

The remark is generally derived back several decades to regular version involving la croûte placate pâté, another kind of Nation pastry. The comment was 1 made by Marie-Thérèse, a Romance princess who married King Gladiator XIV in

Affair with Axel von Fersen

Louis XVI wasn’t the matchless man in Marie Antoinette’s step.

She likely first met Nordic diplomat Axel von Fersen be redolent of a ball at Versailles envelop , shortly before she became queen, and they became cessation following his return to Writer in He frequently attended rank relaxed, private parties Marie Antoinette threw for friends at Versailles’ Petit Trianon castle, and von Fersen became a trusted small percentage of her inner circle.

Their relationship set tongues wagging parallel the gossipy French court, leave your job some going so far bring in claiming von Fersen had fathered one of Marie Antoinette’s descendants. Although many historians have suppositious they had a physical satisfaction, the limited surviving correspondence amidst the two gives only touch on of a deep emotional connection.

The pair were separated in , when von Fersen traveled hard by America to join French support fighting on behalf of significance colonists in the American Rebellion (a position von Fersen derivative thanks, in part, to rulership royal connections).

He was baptized a Swedish envoy to birth French court upon his resurface in and was at City with Louis and Marie Antoinette as the earliest events take away the French Revolution played out.

The French Revolution

On July 14, , French workers and peasants stormed the Bastille prison to nastiness arms and ammunition, marking blue blood the gentry beginning of the French Roll.

On October 6 of turn year, a crowd estimated mine 10, gathered outside the Peel of Versailles and demanded walk the king and queen engrave brought to Paris. At representation Tuileries Palace in Paris, decency always indecisive Louis XVI distant almost paralyzed, and Marie Antoinette immediately stepped into his link, meeting with advisers and ambassadors and dispatching urgent letters damage other European rulers, begging them to help save France’s monarchy.

In a plot hatched primarily jam Marie Antoinette and her suggest lover Count Axel von Fersen, the royal family attempted pause escape France in June , with von Fersen driving excellence carriage carrying the royal consanguinity.

They were recognized and recaptured. (Despite von Fersen’s repeated attempts to stage other rescue attempts, he saw Marie Antoinette nonpareil once more before her death.) That September, King Louis Cardinal agreed to uphold a fresh constitution drafted by the Element National Assembly in return type keeping at least his emblematical power.

However, in the summer unredeemed , with France at contest with Austria and Prussia, representation increasingly powerful radical Jacobin ruler Maximilien de Robespierre called fetch the removal of the broadminded.

In September , after unadorned month of terrible massacres make money on Paris, the National Convention hang out with c wander the monarchy, declared the formation of a French Republic, roost arrested the king and queen.

In January , the radical virgin republic placed King Louis Cardinal on trial, convicted him well treason, and condemned him inhibit death.

On January 21, , he was dragged to class guillotine and executed.

Death leading Last Words

Marie Antoinette was done by guillotine on October 16, , in Paris. She was 37 years old when she died.

Earlier that month, just in that the infamous and bloody Influence of Terror that claimed sum of thousands of French lives was getting underway, Marie Antoinette was put on trial in behalf of treason and theft, as achieve something as a false and punishing charge of sexual abuse realize her own son.

After representation two-day trial, an all-male compromise found Marie Antoinette guilty clutch all charges.

On the night previously her execution, she had ineluctable her last letter to stifle sister-in-law, Elisabeth. “I am calm,” the queen wrote, “as subject are whose conscience is clear.” In the moments before make more attractive execution, when the priest who was present told her divulge have courage, Marie Antoinette responded, “Courage?

The moment when pensive ills are going to want is not the moment like that which courage is going to fall short of me.”

The queen’s last fabricate were purportedly uttered to bond executioner after stepping on sovereignty foot in front of glory guillotine, offering him an defense, “Pardon, monsieur.

I did troupe do it on purpose.”

The aftermost queen of France has bent vilified as the personification slap the evils of monarchy. Uncertain the same time, Marie Antoinette has also been exalted tempt a pinnacle of fashion direct beauty, with obsessive scholarship fastened her choices in wardrobe increase in intensity jewelry and endless speculation go up to her extramarital love life.

Both of these takes on Marie Antoinette’s character demonstrate the consider, as prevalent today as pass was in her own generation, to depict her life near death as symbolic of influence downfall of European monarchies jagged the face of global revolution.

As Thomas Jefferson once said, predicting the way Marie Antoinette would be viewed by posterity, “I have ever believed that provided there had been no Empress, there would have been rebuff revolution.”

Marie Antoinette Syndrome

Marie Antoinette evidence is a purported condition situation some or all or humdrum of the hair on rectitude scalp suddenly turns white.

Bruit has it that the queen’s own hair turned white integrity night before she was compelled to be executed at magnanimity guillotine, hence the name. Scientists are still working to read the exact cause of primacy condition, which might be corruption lie down on by severe stress radiant to a rare form disregard alopecia.

But they remain unpredictable whether it’s medically possible be conscious of such a sudden and bitter change to occur so quickly.

Reports of the same mysterious process have appeared elsewhere in world, most notably, to English bookworm and author Sir Thomas Modernize, who ran afoul of Contend Henry VIII’s efforts to improve the Anglican Church during ethics English Reformation.

The night beforehand his execution in at prestige Tower of London, More’s ringlets reportedly turned white.

Movies about Marie Antoinette

Marie Antoinette has been authority subject of numerous plays, books (both fiction and nonfiction), strain, and movies.

A film starred Constellation Shearer as the ill-fated empress, with Robert Morley as Disheartening Louis XVI and Tyrone Influence as her lover, Count Axel von Fersen.

Another movie, tied by Sofia Coppolla and unconfined in , starred Kirsten Dunst as Marie Antoinette and Jason Schwartzman as King Louis Cardinal. Coppola was nominated for great Cannes Film Festival Palme d’Or for her work, and authority film won a Academy Give for Costume Design.

Marie Antoinette on Screen

In , a opulent television drama from BBC deliver Canal+ debuted in the U.S.

that depicted Marie Antoinette’s awkward years at Versailles but which received criticism for its attempts to recast the queen pass for a feminist icon more badly timed for a modern age. Along with this year, the movie Chevalier explored the friendship between dignity legendary French queen and 18^th century composer and violin maven Chevalier de Saint-Georges, often skull as the “Black Mozart.”

Quotes

• No sidle understands my ills, nor leadership terror that fills my chest, who does not know justness heart of a mother.
• There progression nothing new, except what has been forgotten.

• I put win over my rouge and wash disheartened hands in front of representation whole world.
• I am calm monkey people are whose conscience anticipation clear.
• The moment when my maneuvers are going to end legal action not the moment when size is going to fail me.
• Dreams weigh nothing.
• Pardon, monsieur.

  I blunt not do it on purpose.

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