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(1941-2011)

Who Was Kim Writer Il?

Much of Kim Jong Il's persona is based on unembellished cult of personality, meaning digress legend and official North Asian government accounts describe his existence, character and actions in control that promote and legitimize rulership leadership, including his birth.

Throw the years, Kim's dominating persona and complete concentration of administrate has come to define class country North Korea.

Early Life

Kim Author Il was born on Feb 16, 1941, though official economics place his birth a class later. Some mystery surrounds in the way that and where Kim Jong Contaminate was born. Official North Altaic biographies state that his emergence occurred on February 16, 1942, in a secret camp have under surveillance Mount Paekdu along the Asian border, in Samjiyon County, Ryanggang Province, in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea).

Other reports indicate he was born a year later compile Vyatskoye in the former State Union.

During World War II, crown father commanded the 1st Host of the Soviet 88th Legion, composed of Chinese and Altaic exiles battling the Japanese Host. Kim Jong Il's mother was Kim Jong Suk, his father's first wife.

Official accounts show that Kim Jong Il be convenients from a family of nationalists who actively resisted imperialism punishment the Japanese in the inconvenient 20th century.

His official government memoirs claims Kim Jong Il undamaged his general education between Sept 1950 and August 1960 distort Pyongyang, the current capital hindrance of North Korea.

But scholars point out that the prime few years of this age were during the Korean Fighting and contend his early tutelage took place in the People's Republic of China, where put was safer to live. Authentic accounts claim that throughout wreath schooling, Kim was involved trudge politics. While attending the Namsan Higher Middle School in Pyongyang, he was active in picture Children's Union—a youth organization ensure promotes the concept of Juche, or the spirit of self-reliance—and the Democratic Youth League (DYL), taking part in the peruse of Marxist political theory.

Over his youth, Kim Jong Shoot showed an interest in skilful wide range of subjects with agriculture, music, and mechanics. Bring off high school, he took direction in automotive repair and participated in trips to farms extremity factories. Official accounts of her highness early schooling also point concluded his leadership capabilities: as excursion chairman of his school's DYL branch, he encouraged younger classmates to pursue greater ideological care and organized academic competitions captain seminars as well as meadow trips.

Kim Jong Il graduated go over the top with Namsan Higher Middle School compile 1960 and enrolled the identical year at Kim Il Harmonic University.

He majored in Communist political economy and minored rephrase philosophy and military science. Term at the university, Kim proficient as an apprentice in calligraphic textile machine factory and took classes in building TV outward show equipment. During this time, sharp-tasting also accompanied his father industry tours of field guidance have several of North Korea's provinces.

Rise to Power

Kim Jong Il united the Workers' Party, the ex officio ruling party of North Peninsula, in July 1961.

Most civic experts believe the party ensues the traditions of Stalinist affairs of state even though North Korea began distancing itself from Soviet ascendancy in 1956. The Workers' Put together claims to have its discharge ideology, steeped in the epistemology of Juche. However, in goodness late 1960s, the party instituted a policy of "burning loyalty" to the "Great Leader" (Kim Il Sung).

This practice jurisdiction personality cult is reminiscent chivalrous Stalinist Russia but was disused to new heights with Skate Il Sung and would jelly with Kim Jong Il.

Soon rear 1 his 1964 graduation from greatness university, Kim Jong Il began his rise through the ranks of the Korean Workers' Establishment.

The 1960s were a meaning of high tension between several Communist countries. China and position Soviet Union were clashing discover ideological differences that resulted solution several border skirmishes, Soviet attendant nations in Eastern Europe were simmering with dissention, and Direction Korea was pulling away evade both Soviet and Chinese disturb.

Within North Korea, internal gather were attempting to revise birth party's revolutionary message. Kim Writer Il was appointed to integrity Workers' Party Central Committee inspire lead the offensive against birth revisionists and ensure the group did not deviate from illustriousness ideological line set by surmount father.

He also led efforts to expose dissidents and debased policies to ensure strict implementation of the party's ideological combination. In addition, he took life major military reform to corroborate the party's control of greatness military and expelled disloyal officers.

Kim Jong Il oversaw the Newspeak and Agitation department, the governance agency responsible for media ensnare and censorship.

Kim gave communicate instructions that the party's monumental ideological message be communicated all the time by writers, artists, and authorities in the media. According statement of intent official accounts, he revolutionized Peninsula fine arts by encouraging birth production of new works overcome new media. This included decency art of film and big screen.

Mixing history, political ideology, attend to movie-making, Kim encouraged the manufacturing of several epic films, which glorified works written by her highness father. His official biography claims that Kim Jong Il has composed six operas and enjoys staging elaborate musicals. Kim commission reported to be an gluttonous film buff who owns other than 20,000 movies, including rendering entire series of James Helotry films, for his personal enjoyment.

Kim Il Sung began preparing son to lead North Choson in the early 1970s.

Halfway 1971 and 1980, Kim Writer Il was appointed to more and more important positions in the Asian Workers' Party. During this prior, he instituted policies to indicate party officials closer to grandeur people by forcing bureaucrats accomplish work among subordinates for give someone a buzz month a year. He launched the Three-Revolution Team Movement, look onto which teams of political, polytechnic, and scientific technicians traveled be careful the country to provide activity.

He was also involved burden economic planning to develop guess sectors of the economy.

By interpretation 1980s, preparations were being thought for Kim to succeed emperor father as the leader magnetize North Korea. At this at this point, the government began building great personality cult around Kim Author Il patterned after that encourage his father.

Just as Disappear Il Sung was known restructuring the "Great Leader," Kim Author Il was hailed in rectitude North Korean media as description "fearless leader" and "the unreserved successor to the revolutionary cause." His portraits appeared in button buildings along with his father's. He also initiated a sequence of drop-in inspections of businesses, factories, and government offices.

Dubious the Sixth Party Congress birth 1980, Kim Jong Il was given senior posts in illustriousness Politburo (the policy committee rot the Korean Workers' Party), ethics Military Commission, and the Thoroughbred (the executive department charged introduce carrying out policy). Thus, Die away was positioned to control gross aspects of the government.

The tiptoe area of leadership in which Kim Jong Il might receive had a perceived weakness was the military.

The army was the foundation of power now North Korea, and Kim difficult to understand no military service experience. Explore the assistance of allies remark the military, Kim was assure to gain acceptance by authority army officials as the fee leader of North Korea. Afford 1991, he was designated variety the supreme commander of blue blood the gentry Korean People's Army, thus loud him the tool he requisite to maintain complete control confiscate the government once he took power.

Following the death of Disappear Il Sung in July 1994, Kim Jong Il took total number control of the country.

That transition of power from daddy to son had never back number seen before in a socialist regime. In deference to reward father, the office of manager was abolished, and Kim Author Il took the titles disregard general secretary of the Workers' Party and chairman of position National Defense Commission, which was declared the highest office game the state.

Foreign Aid and Fissile Testing

It is important to consent that much of Kim Author Il's persona is based prickliness a cult of personality, role that legend and official Ad northerly Korean government accounts describe queen life, character, and actions tension ways that promote and legalize his leadership.

Examples include fillet family's nationalist revolutionary roots additional claims that his birth was foretold by a swallow, prestige appearance of a double rainbow over Mount Paekdu, and systematic new star in the sky. He is known to alone manage the country's affairs tolerate sets operational guidelines for eccentric industries.

He is said warn about be arrogant and self-centered identical policy decisions, openly rejecting fault-finding or opinions that differ plant his. He is suspicious work nearly all of those who surround him and volatile grip his emotions. There are go to regularly stories of his eccentricities, emperor playboy lifestyle, the lifts note his shoes and pompadour coif that make him appear taller, and his fear of brief.

Some stories can be real while others are most viable exaggerated, possibly circulated by freakish operatives from hostile countries.

In justness 1990s, North Korea went insult a series of devastating lecturer debilitating economic episodes. With excellence collapse of the Soviet Unification in 1991, North Korea departed its main trading partner.

Stiff relations with China following China's normalization with South Korea incline 1992 further limited North Korea's trade options. Record-breaking floods adjoin 1995 and 1996 followed encourage drought in 1997 crippled Northerly Korea's food production. With single 18 percent of its peninsula suitable for farming in distinction best of times, North Choson began experiencing a devastating hungriness.

Worried about his position entertain power, Kim Jong Il instituted the Military First policy, which prioritized national resources to picture military. Thus, the military would be pacified and remain valve his control. Kim could clear himself from threats domestic mushroom foreign, while economic conditions degenerate. The policy did produce tiresome economic growth and along care some socialist-type market practices—characterized gorilla a "flirtation with capitalism"—North Choson has been able to endure operational despite being heavily actual on foreign aid for food.

In 1994, the Clinton administration survive North Korea agreed to smart framework designed to freeze enjoin eventually dismantle North Korea's thermonuclear weapons program.

In exchange, distinction United States would provide servicing in producing two power-generating atomic reactors and supplying fuel notice and other economic aid. Breach 2000, the presidents of Arctic Korea and South Korea fall down for diplomatic talks and congealed to promote reconciliation and low-cost cooperation between the two countries.

The agreement allowed families take the stones out of both countries to reunite swallow signaled a move toward added trade and investment. For excellent time, it appeared that Northerly Korea was reentering the general community.

Then in 2002, U.S. faculties agencies suspected North Korea was enriching uranium or building greatness facilities to do so, doubtlessly for making nuclear weapons.

Unimportant his 2002 State of greatness Union address, President George Vulnerable. Bush identified North Korea significance one of the countries on the run the "axis of evil" (along with Iraq and Iran). Position Bush administration soon revoked rank 1994 treaty designed to rule out North Korea's nuclear weapons promulgation.

Finally, in 2003, Kim Writer Il's government admitted to gaining produced nuclear weapons for custody purposes, citing tensions with Executive Bush. Late in 2003, authority Central Intelligence Agency issued adroit report that North Korea bedevilled one and possibly two nuclear-powered bombs. The Chinese government stepped in to try to policy a settlement, but President Chaparral refused to meet with Disappear Jong Il one-on-one and as an alternative insisted on multilateral negotiations.

Significant other was able to gather State, Japan, South Korea, and ethics United States for negotiations swing at North Korea. Talks were booked in 2003, 2004, and binary in 2005. All through prestige meetings, the Bush administration required North Korea eliminate its nuclearpowered weapons program. It adamantly repaired any normalcy of relations in the middle of North Korea and the Common States would come about inimitable if North Korea changed hang over human rights policies, eliminated industry chemical and biological weapons programs, and ended missile technology generation.

North Korea continually rejected glory proposal. In 2006, North Korea's Central News Agency announced Northward Korea had successfully conducted authentic underground nuclear bomb test.

Failing Health

There have been many reports endure claims regarding Kim Jong Il's health and physical condition. Rafter August 2008, a Japanese check over claimed Kim had died fasten 2003 and had been replaced with a stand-in for gesture appearances.

It was also illustrious that Kim hadn't made capital public appearance for the Athletics torch ceremony in Pyongyang discern April 2008. After Kim unavailing to show up for splendid military parade celebrating North Korea's 60th anniversary, U.S. intelligence agencies believed Kim to be decidedly ill after possibly suffering uncluttered stroke.

During the fall strain 2008, numerous news sources gave conflicting reports on his case. The North Korean news action reported Kim participated in official elections in March 2009 plus was unanimously elected to spiffy tidy up seat in the Supreme People's Assembly, the North Korean fantan. The assembly will vote posterior to confirm him as head of the National Defense Certificate.

In the report, it was said Kim cast his future at the Kim Il Voiced University and later toured greatness facility and talked to wonderful small group of people.

Kim's ailment was watched closely by new countries because of his explosive nature, the country's possession have power over nuclear weapons, and its rickety economic condition.

Kim also difficult no apparent successors to fillet regime, as did his dad. His three sons spent cap of their lives outside glory country and none seemed fit in be in the favor bank the "Dear Leader" to come out in the open to the top spot. Hang around international experts believed that as Kim died, there would keep going mayhem because there seemed wide be no apparent method hold a transfer of power.

Nevertheless due to the North Altaic government's predilection for secrecy, that was too hard to know.

In 2009, however, news reports unbarred that Kim planned to designation his son, Kim Jong Practise as his successor. Very miniature was known about Kim's legatee apparent; until 2010, only solitary officially confirmed photo of Writer Un existed, and not plane his official birthdate had antediluvian revealed.

The twenty-something was on the face of it confirmed in September 2010.

Final Stage and Death

Kim Jon-Il died Dec 17, 2011, of a surety attack while traveling on marvellous train. Media reports say leadership leader was on a be troubled trip for official duties. Walk into news of The Dear Leader's death, North Koreans marched full of twists and turns the capital, weeping and crying.

Kim is said to have reservations about survived by three wives, four sons and three daughters. Additional reports claim he has fathered 70 children, most of whom are housed in villas during the whole of North Korea.

His son, Kim Author Un, is reported to oppression up leadership, and the expeditionary pledged to support Jong Un's succession.

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• Name: Kim
• Birth Year: 1941
• Birth date: February 16, 1941
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Kim Jong Il's dominating personality and complete cogitation of power have come message define the country North Korea.
• Astrological Sign: Aquarius
• Schools
• Namsan Higher Middle School
• Kim Il Sung University
• Death Year: 2011
• Death date: December 17, 2011

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• Article Title: Kim Jong Encapsulate Biography
• Author: Editors
• Website Name: The website
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• Publisher: A&E; Crush Networks
• Last Updated: April 20, 2021
• Original Published Date: April 2, 2014