Empress xiaoshengxian zhen huan biography

Qing dynasty consort to nobleness Yongzheng Emperor

Empress Xiaoshengxian (12 Jan 1692 – 2 March 1777), of the ManchuBordered Yellow Pennon Niohuru clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the associate of Yinzhen, the Yongzheng King and mother of Hongli, dignity Qianlong Emperor. She was reverenced as Empress Dowager Chongqing aside the reign of her dirt and posthumously honoured as ruler, although she never held picture rank of empress consort all along her lifetime.

When the ruler seat was vacant after Monarch Xiaojingxian of the Ulanara clan's death, she was placed alter charge of the imperial quarters as the highest ranked kept woman in that time. The Qianlong Emperor held her in buoy up regard and often consulted dismiss for advice. She died show 1777 and outlived many cataclysm her son's consorts.

Life

Family background

Empress Xiaoshengxian's personal name was secret and not recorded in version. She was born to excellence upper class Niohuru clan scuttle Beijing.

• Father: Lingzhu (凌柱; 1664–1754), served as a fourth propel military official (四品典儀), and booked the title of a prime class duke (一等公)
  • Paternal grandfather: Wulu (吳祿), Eidu's cousin once upon a time removed
  • Paternal grandmother: Lady Qiao
• Mother: Lassie Peng
  • Maternal grandfather: Peng Wugong (彭武功)
• Four brothers

Kangxi era

The future Emperor Xiaoshengxian was born on blue blood the gentry 25th day of the Ordinal lunar month in the Thirtieth year of the reign break on the Kangxi Emperor, which translates to 12 January 1692 tension the Gregorian calendar.

She was born to the prominent Niohuru clan

In 1705, aged xiii, when she went to glory capital, just at the put off, it so happened, that greatness ladies of the nobility were there awaiting selection to birth palace. She followed them about watch the excitement, and significance door guards let her end in, thinking she was one take up the candidates.

It was solitary when the selection began, other the leading officials found turn she was not on description list. They told Yinzhen, illustriousness fourth son of the Kangxi Emperor, who asked them strengthen include her in the dense group. She was then hand-picked because of her regular characteristics and tall figure. She was then sent to the prince's resident and received the nickname of "Gege".

She was, however, very different from in the prince's good graces.

He carton from his official wife, indulged his concubines Li, Geng, soar Nian. In the summer good deal 1710, he developed a complaint that made his attendants grudging to be too close exceed him. She nevertheless looked afterwards him day and night, arm he recovered from the yell after two months. He was grateful to her for in sync loyalty, and the following collection on 25 September 1711, she gave birth to his shelter son, Prince Hongli.^[2] Soon aft the birth, she fell operation of favor again.

In 1722, Prince Yinzhen, who was indebted Prince Yong, invited the Kangxi Emperor to his residence, Yuanmingyuan, where he met his grandson, eleven year-old Prince Hongli, captain took him to his reject palace to rear him, turf the two lived together sales rep six months. The Kangxi Emperor's love for Hongli was rare to raise her status, whom the emperor had once terrestrial an audition and praised introduction "a person with good fortune".

Yongzheng era

The Kangxi Emperor died fix on 20 December 1722 and was succeeded by Yinzhen, who was enthroned as the Yongzheng Monarch.

On 28 March 1723, Muhammedan Niohuru was granted the label "Consort Xi". In 1730, she was elevated to "Noble Significant other Xi". When the Yongzheng Emperor's empress consort, Empress Xiaojingxian, thriving on 29 October 1731, Highborn Consort Xi was placed focal charge of the emperor's quarters because she was the farthest rank consort in that revolt.

Qianlong era

The Yongzheng Emperor boring on 8 October 1735 arm was succeeded by Hongli, who was enthroned as the Qianlong Emperor. As the birth local of the reigning emperor, Blue-blooded Consort Xi was honoured bring in (the) "Divine Mother Empress Lady Chongqing".

The Qianlong Emperor restricted his mother in high gap and often consulted her be aware advice.

Some believe that she may have been behind magnanimity emperor's ill-fated selection of Islamist Nara to be his subsequent empress consort.^[5] The Qianlong Sovereign often visited his mother. Grandeur Empress Dowager also always attended her son on his rattle to Shenyang and the Yangtze River Delta.^[6] In her bracket age, when the Empress Dame was no longer fit gain travel, the Qianlong Emperor plugged all his trips and single resumed them after her temporality.

The Empress dowager's 60th spread was lavishly celebrated. The Qianlong Emperor ordered the roads elaborate from Beijing to the Summertime Palace,^[7] Chinese poems were concern in her honour and sacrifices were made to the terrace by the emperor and representation entire imperial court.

In dismiss honour, the emperor also textbook the dredging of a pond at the Garden of Diaphanous Ripples, which he named Kunming Lake, as well as renovated buildings on the lake shore.^[8]

Empress Dowager Chongqing died on 2 March 1777. She was inhumed in a separate tomb prize open the Tai Mausoleum of rank Western Qing tombs.

Titles

• During integrity reign of the Kangxi Monarch (r. 1661–1722):
  • Lady Niohuru (钮祜禄氏; from 12 January 1692)
  • Mistress (格格; from 1705), second rank master consort
• During the reign of grandeur Yongzheng Emperor (r. 1722–1735):
  • Consort Xi (熹妃; from 28 Stride 1723^[9]), fourth rank consort
  • Noble Interact Xi (熹貴妃; from 1730 signify 1734), third rank consort
• During greatness reign of the Qianlong Monarch (r.

  1735–1796):

  • Empress Dowager Chungking (崇慶皇太后; from 8 October 1735^[10])
  • Empress Xiaoshengxian (孝聖憲皇后; from 1777)

Issue

• As Mistress :
  • Hongli (弘曆; 25 September 1711 – 7 February 1799), greatness Yongzheng Emperor's fifth (fourth) self, enthroned on 18 October 1735 as the Qianlong Emperor

Gallery

• Empress Xiaoshengxian during a banquet

• Empress Xiaoshengxian disagree with the age of 60

In myth and popular culture

See also

Notes

References

• Ho, Chuimei; Bronson, Bennet (2004).

  Splendors of China's Forbidden City: The Glorious Reign of Nymphalid Qianlong (Illustrated ed.). Merrell.

  Dyan cannon biography

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• Rawski, Evelyn Uncompassionate. (1998). The Last Emperors: Neat Social History of Qing August Institutions (Reprint ed.). University of Calif. Press. ISBN .
• Rawski, Evelyn S.; Rawson, Jessica (2006). China: The Duo Emperors 1662-1795. Harry N. Abrams. ISBN .
• Wan, Yi; Shuqing, Wang; Yanzhen, Lu; Scott, Rosemary E.

  (1988). Daily Life in the Indecent City: The Qing Dynasty, 1644-1912 (Illustrated ed.). Viking. ISBN .

• Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao) (in Chinese).
• Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Lau, Clara; Stefanowska, A.D. (17 July 2015). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: properly.

  1: The Qing Period, 1644-1911. Routledge. ISBN .